Power-hammer



(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 1.

PA.BBAUDRY.

POWER HAMMER.

No. 264,816. Patented Sept. 19., 1882.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

.t A.BBAUDRY. I :POWER HAMMER.

No. 264,816. Patented Sept. 19, 1882.

' l UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.,

ALEXANDER BEAUDRY, OF BOSTON, ASSIGNOR TO AUGUSTINE BEAUDRY, OF` EASTBOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

POWER-HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming `part of Letters Patent No. 264,816, datedSeptember 19, 1882.

Application tiled October 15, 1881. (No model.)

' To all uliom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER BEAUDRY, a citizen ofthe United States,residing at Bos tou, in the county ot' Suffolk and State of Massachusetts. have invented certain new and useful Improvements inPower-Hammers-; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exactdescription ot' the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to 1o which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drav`vings, and to lettersor igures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecitication.

These improvements are basedupon `a class ot power-hammers in which thehammer-head is guided by vertical ways and moves in verticalreciprocations by the action of a rigid horizontal beam pivoted to it bya suitable conzo necting-rod, the rear end ot' such beam being pivotedto the rear of the machineframe and operated by a crank-shaft connectedwith it by a rod situated between the hammer-head and the pivot ot' thebeam. i

This invention consists mainly in combining two pairs of springs with apower-hammer, its beam, and a pitmau or connecting-rod, one pair ofsprings serving to lessen the shock of the hammer and to make its blowmore forci-u 3o blc and elastic, .and the other pair ot' springs servingto give additional impulse to the hammer at the end of the downwardstroke and to accelerate the beginning of the upward stroke, as setforth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical sectionfrom front to rear through a machine embodying my invention Fig. 2, afront elevation of the same, and Fig. 3 a detail view of a modified formot' beam with 4o attached parts.

Reference .being had to 'the above-named drawings,it will be seenthatArepresents the frame ofthe machine,`the same being composed of abed-plate or base, B, and upright side standards or housings, G C, thelatter being united. at their upper ends to form a head, D,the oppositesides ot' which constitute ways or guides a u to guide the motions ofthe hammer-head.

E represents they hammer-head as playing 5o vertically within the guidesa a.

F represents the anvil; G, therodconnei ting the hammer-head with thefront end of the horizontal driviug-beain, which is shown at H, suchbeam being disposed at the extreme upper part ot' the machine-frame andpivoted at its rear end to the rear part of such frame by a pivot, b. y

The crank-driving shaft is shown at I as mounted horizontally insuitable bearings in 6o the rear part of the machine-frame, such shaftbeing putin motion by a pulley, c, secured to one end ot said shaft,about which and adriving-pnlley an endless band, d, travels.

J represents a friction-pulley, mounted within the upper end ot' avibratory bar, K, which is secured at its lower end rigidly to ahorizontal rock-shaft, L, journaled at the lower rear part ot themachine-frame, while A represents a yoke-shaped treadle passing about 7othe anvil and secured rigidly at its rear part to the said shaft L. Theoperatorbears down with one foot upon the treadle, thus tightening thebelt d against the pulley cand putting the latter and the crankshaft Iinrotation and the hammer in motion, the strength ot' theblow exerted bythe latter beingr governed by the extent to which the belt is tightened.

'N represents the rod connecting the crank c ot' the'shaft I with thebeam H. 8o

The abovecoustitute the elem en tary features of power-hammers nowgenerally in use combined with my improvements.

In carrying out my improvements I proceed as follows: lhe body ot' theconnectingvrod N 85 is a straight tube,f, connected at its lower end tothe box g, Which-surrounds the crank, by a screw-connection, h, in orderthat the height of the hammer-head with respect to the anvil may bevaried or adjusted. The upper cou- 9o nection ot' the rod N with thebeam is a rod,

t', the upper end of which is swiveled to the beam,vwhile its lower endcarries a piston or plunge-nj, which closely tits the bore of the `tubef, and is situated about centrally ot' such 9.5

tube. A tubular screw-cap, la, covers the mouth of the tube f, and,while permitting the pasmsage of the rod t', serves as a resistance to acoiled spring or other elastic material, Z, which is contained withinthe upper part of said tube, and exerts its stress between the cap 7cand the plunger j of the rod t. A second coiled spring or other elasticmateri-al, m, is pl-aced in the lower part ofthe tubef, and exerts itsstress between the bottom of said tube and the plungerj. at its upperpart, as shown at n, to receive a piston or plunger, 0, secured to thelower end of the rod G, such piston being disposed about midway of saidchamber u, and the mouth of the latter being closed by a tubularscrew-cap, p, through the bore ot' which said rod G passes, ,thisscrew-cap serving as an abutment to a coiled spring or other elasticmaterial, q, which is disposed within the upper part ot' the chamber n,and exerts its functions between said cap and the piston o. A secondcoiled spring or other elastic material, t", is disposed within thelower part of the chamber n, and exerts its effort between the bottom ofsaid chamber and the piston o. As the crank cascends and passes itshighest point the hammer-head continues to risc by its momentum untilarrested by the contraction of the spring l, which spring` stores thepower thus exerted during the descent ot' the hammer until the crank@passes its lowest point, when, by its sudden reaction, it acceleratesthe drop of the hammer beyond the speed ot' the crank, and thus greatlyincreases the force of the blow delivered. The functions ot' the springm are, rst, to sustain the weight of the hammer, and, second, as thehammer nears the end of its descent to yield, while the hammer continuesto descend after the crank c has reached its lowest point, and by itssudden reaction to lift the hammer instantly and faster for that instantthan could be effected by the crank, thus imparting a wonderfulelasticity to the blow, on account ot which the heat is much longerretained in the metal being worked, and much ofthe danger ofdisintegration from abrasion is avoided,'while both springs Z and 'mserve in a measure to relieve the parts from shocks and strains incidentto` the working ot' the machine. lrIhe springs q and r operate in mannersimilar to the springs lm, and in a measure aid to impart a morepowerful and elastic blow by the hammer, but serve chietiy to relievethe adjacent parts of the frame and driving mechanism from the shocksand strains incident to the working ot' the machine.

The hammer-head E is chambered l A brake is to be added to the shaft L,and so arrangedwith respect to the pulley c and treadle A that when suchtreadle is lowered by the foot of the workman in the actot starting thehammer the brake is removed from contact with a balance-wheel carried bythe shaft I, and as the workman removes his foot from the treadle thebrake, b vits own weight, drops into contact with the ity-wheel andinstantly arrests themotions of the hammer.

In lieu of the piston or head secured to the lower ends ot' the rods Gand t' as abutments for the springs l m q r, one or more pins may bepassedhorizontally through each rod to bear upon the springs. I prefer acircular head or piston, as it constitutes an effective guide to thelower end ot' the rod and as a tirm and ample bearing for the springs.

In some styles of hammers I propose to employ, in lieu ot' the rigidbeam H, a curved elastic one ot' the form shown in Fig. 3 ofthe accompanying drawings. This spring is shown at S as U-shaped, with its lowerarm, V, secured to the extreme rear part of the housings C, and with itsupper and longer arm, W, extending forward over the hammer-frame, andconnected at its front end with the upper end of the rod G, beforenamed. This spring or elastic arm S aids in imparting an elastic blow tothe hammer.

I claim- 1. In combination with pivoted beam H, hammer E, rod G, andapitman constructed in two parts, the springs q and i and the springs land m, said springs operating respectively on the hammer and on thepitnian, substantially as set forth.

2. In combination with beam H, hammer E, recessed as shown, rod G,working in said recess, and pitman N, consisting of an upper solid partand alower hollow part, the springs q and r, arranged respectively aboveand below the piston of rod G, the cap p, which contines them in place,the springs l and m, similarly arranged with respect to the piston ofpitman N, cap k, which confines the latter springs in place, and thedriving-wheel, wrist-pin, and guides, all substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALEXANDER BEAUDRY.

Witnesses: l

H. E. LODGE, F. CURTIS.

IOO

